Please Note: This article is written for users of the following Microsoft Excel versions: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Microsoft 365. If you are using an earlier version (Excel 2003 or earlier), this tip may not work for you. For a version of this tip written specifically for earlier versions of Excel, click here: Replacing Characters at the End of a Cell.

Replacing Characters at the End of a Cell

Written by Allen Wyatt (last updated April 5, 2023)
This tip applies to Excel 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Microsoft 365


6

Sam has a large number of addresses in a worksheet. In those addresses he needs to make sure that all compass directions (NE, SE, NW, and SW) are all uppercase. It would be very helpful if Sam could figure out how to change any of these lowercase (or mixed case) directions that appear only at the end of a cell with their uppercase counterparts. He can't just search for a space followed by "ne", as that would change Newton to NEwton, so he wonders how he can make sure that the replacement occurs only when the letters appear at the end of a cell.

There is no way to accomplish this task using the Find and Replace tools in Excel. That means that you need to use a formula or a macro to do the task. Formulas can be used to make sure that the last two characters of a cell are uppercase:

=LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & UPPER(RIGHT(A1,2))

The problem with such a formula, however, is that it is non-discriminating. As long as any cell it is used on has a compass direction as its last two characters, there is no problem. But if some cells don't have the compass direction, then you run into problems real fast. In that case you need to actually have the formula check the last characters:

=IF(RIGHT(A1,3)=" ne", LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & "NE",
IF(RIGHT(A1,3)=" se", LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & "SE",
IF(RIGHT(A1,3)=" nw", LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & "NW",
IF(RIGHT(A1,3)=" sw", LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & "SW", A1))))

This formula checks the last three characters to see if there is a space followed by either ne, se, nw, or sw. If this is the case, then those last two characters are made uppercase. The formula can be shortened if you approach it differently:

=IF(OR(RIGHT(A1,3)=" ne", RIGHT(A1,3)=" se", RIGHT(A1,3)=" nw",
RIGHT(A1,3)=" sw"), LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & UPPER(RIGHT(A1,2)), A1)

You can shorten it even more by using an array of compass directions in the formula:

=IF(OR(RIGHT(A1,3)={" ne"," se"," sw"," nw"}),
LEFT(A1,LEN(A1)-2) & UPPER(RIGHT(A1,2)), A1)

If you prefer to not use a formula, you can easily create a macro that will do the checking and conversion for you:

Sub CapDirections()
    For Each RCell In Selection
        CText = UCase(Right(RCell.Value, 3))
        If CText = " NE" Or CText = " SE" _
          Or CText = " SW" Or CText = " NW" Then
            RCell.Value = Left(RCell.Value, _
              Len(RCell.Value) - 3) + CText
        End If
    Next
End Sub

To use the macro, just select the cells containing the addresses, and then run it. It checks to see if one of the four compass points are at the end of the cell value, and if it is then it makes sure that the compass direction is uppercase.

You should note that these solutions are based upon there only being four possible compass directions in your addresses. If your addresses have more wide-ranging compass directions (like N or SSE) then you will definitely want to use a macro-based solution because the checking quickly becomes very complex for a formula.

Note:

If you would like to know how to use the macros described on this page (or on any other page on the ExcelTips sites), I've prepared a special page that includes helpful information. Click here to open that special page in a new browser tab.

ExcelTips is your source for cost-effective Microsoft Excel training. This tip (9746) applies to Microsoft Excel 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Microsoft 365. You can find a version of this tip for the older menu interface of Excel here: Replacing Characters at the End of a Cell.

Author Bio

Allen Wyatt

With more than 50 non-fiction books and numerous magazine articles to his credit, Allen Wyatt is an internationally recognized author. He is president of Sharon Parq Associates, a computer and publishing services company. ...

MORE FROM ALLEN

Deleting Freezes Computer

Sometimes a strange object or text may appear in your document, as happened to Sharon. To complicate the situation, her ...

Discover More

Calculating the Interval between Occurrences

With a long list of items in a worksheet, you may want to determine the last time a particular item appeared in the list. ...

Discover More

Different Cell Movement in a Single Worksheet

You can configure Excel to specify what happens when you press Enter in a cell. This is normally done on a global basis, ...

Discover More

Excel Smarts for Beginners! Featuring the friendly and trusted For Dummies style, this popular guide shows beginners how to get up and running with Excel while also helping more experienced users get comfortable with the newest features. Check out Excel 2013 For Dummies today!

More ExcelTips (ribbon)

Using Find and Replace to Pre-Pend Characters

Need to add some characters to the beginning of the contents in a range of cells? It's not as easy as you might hope, but ...

Discover More

Superscripts in Find and Replace

The find and replace used in Excel is less powerful than its counterpart in Word, so it is not able to do some of the ...

Discover More

Replacing Only Whole Words in Excel

Excel's Find and Replace capabilities are handy, but they aren't as full-featured as those in Word. One shortcoming is ...

Discover More
Subscribe

FREE SERVICE: Get tips like this every week in ExcelTips, a free productivity newsletter. Enter your address and click "Subscribe."

View most recent newsletter.

Comments

If you would like to add an image to your comment (not an avatar, but an image to help in making the point of your comment), include the characters [{fig}] (all 7 characters, in the sequence shown) in your comment text. You’ll be prompted to upload your image when you submit the comment. Maximum image size is 6Mpixels. Images larger than 600px wide or 1000px tall will be reduced. Up to three images may be included in a comment. All images are subject to review. Commenting privileges may be curtailed if inappropriate images are posted.

What is two more than 7?

2023-04-19 10:37:56

J. Woolley

Re. RTrim, LTrim, and Trim discussed in earlier comments below, My Excel Toolbox now includes the following functions useful in cell formulas:
=TrimHead(Text,[NumChars])
=TrimTail(Text,[NumChars])
TrimHead trims leading characters from Text and returns the result. If optional NumChars < 1 (default), all leading space characters are trimmed; otherwise, NumChars leading text characters are trimmed.
TrimTail is analogous except it trims trailing characters.
Here are abbreviated versions:

Function TrimHead(Text As String, Optional NumChars As Integer) As String
    If NumChars < 1 Then
        TrimHead = LTrim(Text)
    Else
        TrimHead = Mid(Text, (NumChars + 1))
    End If
End Function

Function TrimTail(Text As String, Optional NumChars As Integer) As String
    If NumChars < 1 Then
        TrimTail = RTrim(Text)
    Else
        Dim n As Integer
        n = Len(Text) - NumChars
        If n > 0 Then TrimTail = Left(Text, n) 'else return null default
    End If
End Function

See https://sites.google.com/view/MyExcelToolbox/


2023-04-14 10:18:33

J. Woolley

@Willy Vanhaelen
I forgot about RTrim. I should have used it. Thank you for reminding me.
Curiously, RTrim and Trim are difficult to find alphabetically in Microsoft's VBA documents because they are listed with LTrim (i.e., "LTrim, RTrim, and Trim").
See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/language/reference/functions-visual-basic-for-applications


2023-04-13 13:13:28

Willy Vanhaelen

@J. Woolley
Your macro is a well thought out work piece. I wonder though if you have a special reason to use a Do While Loop to remove trailing spaces (if any) instead of the RTrim function?

Adding the .SpecialCells(xlCellTypeConstants, xlTextValues) to Selection in my macro would make it more robust .

@Peter Atherton
Adding C = RTrim(C) would also make my macro more robust.


2023-04-10 11:11:51

J. Woolley

Willy's version is very clever. Here is my version. It's a little more robust and accommodates hyphenated directions like N-E.
For all text constants in Selection, capitalize the last word after deleting any hyphens if it represents one of 16 points on the compass:

Sub CapDirections3()
    Dim rCell As Range, sComp() As String, sText As String, sTemp As String
    Dim nChar As Integer, n As Integer
    sComp = Split("N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW")
    For Each rCell In Selection.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeConstants, xlTextValues)
        sText = rCell.Value
        Do While Right(sText, 1) = " "
            sText = Left(sText, (Len(sText) - 1))
        Loop
        nChar = InStrRev(sText, " ")
        sTemp = UCase(Replace(Mid(sText, (nChar + 1)), "-", ""))
        For n = 0 To 15
            If sTemp = sComp(n) Then
                rCell.Value = Left(sText, nChar) + sTemp
                Exit For
            End If
        Next n
    Next rCell
End Sub


2023-04-10 06:00:56

Peter Atherton

Willy, Nice one but I'd add a line to deal with Allen's point about typos

For Each C In Selection
C = Trim(C)


2023-04-09 14:04:52

Willy Vanhaelen

The macro in this tip does a fine job but my version hereafter uses a different approach and is a bit simpler:

Sub CapDirections2()
Dim C As Range
For Each C In Selection
    If InStr(" ne se sw nw", Right(C, 3)) Then
        C = Replace(C, Right(C, 2), UCase(Right(C, 2)))
    End If
Next C
End Sub

The code is almost self explanatory:

IF the 3 last characters in the cell are found in the string being searched THEN
    Replace the utmost 2 characters of the cell by there upper case ones
END IF

That's it :-)


This Site

Got a version of Excel that uses the ribbon interface (Excel 2007 or later)? This site is for you! If you use an earlier version of Excel, visit our ExcelTips site focusing on the menu interface.

Newest Tips
Subscribe

FREE SERVICE: Get tips like this every week in ExcelTips, a free productivity newsletter. Enter your address and click "Subscribe."

(Your e-mail address is not shared with anyone, ever.)

View the most recent newsletter.