Please Note: This article is written for users of the following Microsoft Excel versions: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Office 365. If you are using an earlier version (Excel 2003 or earlier), this tip may not work for you. For a version of this tip written specifically for earlier versions of Excel, click here: Displaying Letter Grades.
Some teachers use Excel worksheets to calculate grades for students. Doing so is quite easy, as you sum the results of various student benchmarks (quizzes, tests, assignments, etc.) and then apply whatever calculation is necessary to arrive at a final numeric grade.
If you do this, you may wonder how you can convert the numeric grade to a letter grade. For instance, you may have a grading scale defined where anything below 52 is an F, 52 to 63 is a D, 64 to 74 is a C, 75 to 84 is a B, and 85 to 99 is an A.
There are several ways that a problem such as this can be approached. First of all, you could use nested IF functions within a cell. For example, let's assume that a student's numeric grade is in cell G3. You could use the following formula to convert to a letter grade based on the scale shown above:
=IF(G3<52,"F",IF(G3<64,"D",IF(G3<75,"C",IF(G3<85,"B","A"))))
While such an approach will work just fine, using nested IF functions results in the need to change quite a few formulas if you change your grading scale. A different approach that is also more flexible involves defining a grading table and then using one of the LOOKUP functions (LOOKUP, HLOOKUP, and VLOOKUP) to determine the proper letter grade.
As an example, let's assume that you set up a grading table in cells M3:N7. In cell M3 you place the lowest possible score, which would be a zero. To its right, in cell N3, you place the letter grade for that score: F. In M4 you place the lowest score for the next highest grade (53) and in N4 you place the corresponding letter grade (D). When you are done putting in all five grade levels, you select the range (M3:N7) and give it a name, such as GradeTable. (How you name a range of cells is covered in other issues of ExcelTips.)
Now you can use a formula such as the following to return a letter grade:
=VLOOKUP(M22,GradeTable,2)
The beauty of using one of the LOOKUP functions in this manner is that if you decide to change the grading scale, all you need to do is change the lower boundaries of each grade in the grading table. Excel takes care of the rest and recalculates all the letter grades for your students.
When you put together your grading table, it is also important that you have the grades—those in the GradeTable—go in ascending order, from lowest to highest. Failure to do so will result in the wrong formula results using VLOOKUP.
ExcelTips is your source for cost-effective Microsoft Excel training. This tip (9700) applies to Microsoft Excel 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Office 365. You can find a version of this tip for the older menu interface of Excel here: Displaying Letter Grades.
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2018-03-21 16:03:36
Neil
Peter
Actually, your table needs to look like this per Allen's instructions to work properly:
Marks Grades
0 N
1 E
20 D
40 C
50 C+
60 B
70 B+
80 A
90 A+
2018-03-21 11:29:57
Peter Atherton
Chhabi
The VLOOKUP works with both grades & points part of the same table
Grades =VLOOKUP($A5,Tbl,2,TRUE)
Points =VLOOKUP($A5,Tbl,3,TRUE)
(see Figure 1 below)
Figure 1.
2018-03-20 18:14:17
Ruthie A. Ward
Hi. If you wanted a long list of grades to run faster, you could use INDEX and MATCH instead of a LOOKUP.
2016-02-05 22:07:10
Chhabi Acharya
Hello there!
Could you help me in forming formulae in Ms Excel for the following logics, please?
a)
If 0, N
if 1-19, E
if 20-39, D
if 40-49, C
if 50-59, C+
if 60-69, B
if 70-79, B+
if 80-89, A
if 90 to 100, A+
b)
If A+, 4
If A, 3.6
If B+, 3.2
If B, 2.8
If C+, 2.4
If C, 2.2
If D, 1.8
If E, 1.4
If N, 0
Thanks in advance.
2014-10-14 11:41:20
@NAM
* M22 would be the cell with the final number grade
* 2 refers to the second column in the GradeTable
2014-10-13 12:03:01
NAM
Thanks for this tip. It's very helpful! One question: in the final formula for VLOOKUP what do M22 and 2 correspond with? I want to make sure I'm using the correct cells when I enter the formula into my worksheet and that I completely understand the formula. Thanks!
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Please Note:
This article is written for users of the following Microsoft Excel versions: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and Excel in Office 365. If you are using an earlier version (Excel 2003 or earlier), this tip may not work for you. For a version of this tip written specifically for earlier versions of Excel, click here: 
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